Ebooks akawana mukurumbira mumakore achangopfuura nekubuda kwee-vaverengi uye akasiyana nharembozha. Kune zvakare mapurogiramu emakombiyuta aripo. Mune ino positi, isu tichakurukura emahara software maapplication ekuverenga ebooks.
Muchinyorwa chakapfuura, takakurukura mafomati ebook anogona kuverengwa paLinux. Chokwadi ndechekuti, kunze kwekunge iri niche fomati, hapana zvirambidzo. Isu tinofanira kungotaura kuti mafomu emuridzi eAmazon anoda kushandiswa kwemuverengi wegore.
A bit of history
Chekutanga chiitiko che automating maitiro ekuverenga akagadzirwa muSpain nemudzidzisi weGalician. Ángela Ruiz López aive nebasa rekudzidzisa kwemakumi mana panguva iyo asina kungotsikisa mabhuku gumi nematanhatu emisoro yezvidzidzo asiwo akagadzira michina yakanangana nekuvandudza mhedzisiro yekudzidza. Izvi zvaisanganisira nzira itsva yeshorthand nemuchina wekuitsigira, girama atlasi yakatenderwa neRoyal Spanish Academy (RAE), uye iyo inomukurudzira kuiswa mune ino post: iyo mechanical encyclopedia.
Muna 1949 akaita patent yemabhuku emuchina umo peji yaidiwa yaiwanikwa kuburikidza nemabhatani. Uyu tateguru we ebook akashanda nekubatanidza mechanical, electronic, and air systems. Izvo zvakare zvaigoneka kuivhenekera, kuwedzera saizi yefonti, uye kuita zvirevo.
Sekushanduka kweiyi pfungwa, Mechanical Encyclopedia, iyo imwe chete prototype yakavakwa, yaive mudziyo waizoshandiswa nezvidzidzo zvese. Rakavhurwa sebhuku rechinyakare; kuruboshwe kwaiva nemaarufabheti otomatiki okugadzira mashoko nezvirevo. Kudivi rekurudyi kwaive nemareel aive nenyaya yacho. Iyo purojekiti yaisanganisira akawanda ezvimiro zvezvishandiso zvekuverenga zvazvino, zvinosanganisira luminescent inki.
Mune yechipiri patent, mudzidzisi akapa chechipiri chishandiso umo mabhatani ekuwana izvo zvakasiyana zvakabviswa, kurerutsa mashini uye kuderedza saizi.
Kunyangwe kufarira kugadzira mabhuku emagetsi kwakakura nemakomputa, kufambira mberi kukuru hakuna kuitwa kusvika kuma90. Nekudaro, budiriro isina kurongwa yakavakirwa pamafaira ezvinyorwa akagovaniswa sematura angave aripo.
Yekutanga inozivikanwa izwi processor yakatanga muna 1976 uye yakagadziridzwa kuAltair. Microsoft Word yaizosvika muna 1983.
Mumakore ekuma90, imwe yemafomati anozivikanwa ekugovera ebooks akaoneka: iyo PDF.PDF haina kugadzirirwa kugovera ebooks, asi yakaratidza kunaka kuita kudaro nekuti chinangwa chayo chaive chekuona kuti magwaro aitaridzika zvakafanana zvisinei nechishandiso. Sarudzo mbiri dzakaitwa neAdobe-kuita kuti software yekuverenga ive yemahara uye kuiita chiyero chepasi rose pasi pe ISO nhungamiro-yakawedzera mukurumbira wefomati.
Mumakore ekuma90, mafomati akasiyana akagadzirirwa ebooks akaoneka.Zvimwe zvacho zvakakurukurwa munyaya yapfuura. Imwe yacho yaive OpenEbook, kuyedza kugadzira yakavhurika fomati yekugadzira ebooks zvichienderana newebhu tekinoroji.
Zvichienderana nechiyero ichi, zvinotevera zvinoburitswa: Yekutanga vhezheni yeiyo EPUB fomati yaive nehunhu hwekuchinjira kune chero saizi yescreen. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, vhezheni 2 yakaburitswa, iyo yaisanganisira tsigiro yeyakajairwa metadata.
Iyo yechitatu vhezheni, yakaburitswa muna 2011, yaive yakavakirwa pane ichangoburwa vhezheni yewebhu tekinoroji uye yakabatanidzwa rutsigiro rweodhiyo nevhidhiyo. Kudyidzana kwekutanga neJavaScript uye nerutsigiro rwakavandudzwa rwemitauro yakaoma. Ongororo dzakazotevera dzakavandudza kugadzikana uye dzakabvisa zvisingawanzo shandiswa zvinhu.
Yemahara software yekushandisa yekuverenga ebooks
Kindle CloudReader
Ndiri kuda rezinesi pano. Nehunyanzvi, kana isu tichishandisa Firefox, Brave, kana Chromium, isu tiri kushandisa emahara software application kuwana mabhuku atakatenga kubva kuAmazon. Raibhurari haina mutengi weLinux, uye nguva shoma dzekupedzisira dzandakaedza, iyo Windows vhezheni haina kushanda newaini.
Kindle Cloud Reader ndiyo basa regore kubva amazon iyo Pamusoro pekuwana mabhuku nekuverenga, inotipa mamwe mabasa akadai seo:
- Ona uye gadzirisa kuunganidzwa kwebhuku.
- Tsvaga mukati memashoko
- Chinja font uye font size.
- Chinja ruvara rwekumashure peji.
- Sarudza pakati pechikamu chimwe chete nembiri.
- Ona kufambira mberi kwekuverenga uye nguva yasara.
- Simbisa mavara.
- Tsvaga muduramazwi.
- Enda kuchitoro kunotenga mabhuku.
Caliber e-reader
Caliber Iyo suite yakatsaurirwa kubata kuunganidzwa uye kubata ebooks. Iyo ine 3 application:
- Maneja wekuunganidza: Nemaneja wekuunganidza, hatigone kungounganidza mabhuku nehunhu hwawo, asi zvakare kuatumira kumidziyo, kuwana nekugadzirisa metadata, uye kushandura pakati pemafomati.
- Ebook Editor: Iyo mupepeti inobvumidza iwe kuti utarise iyo kodhi kodhi yemabhuku uye kugadzirisa, kutarisa zvabuda. Zvinoda ruzivo rwehunyanzvi, sezvo isiri chishandiso chinooneka senge izwi processor.
- Book viewer: Calibre's book viewer inotibvumira kusarudza akasiyana ma paramita senge saizi yefonti, marongerwo epeji, tsika shizha, misoro uye tsoka, uye typography. Nezve chiitiko chekuverenga, tinogona kusarudza kuti zvinyorwa zviverengerwe zvinonzwika tichishandisa manzwi akagadzirwa, kuwedzera manotsi, sarudza zvikamu zvezvinyorwa, kana kutsvaga maduramazwi uye mamwe mareferenzi.
Tinogona kuwana Caliber mumatura, iyo FlatPak chitoro, kana kuimisa nemurairo:
sudo -v && wget -nv -O- https://download.calibre-ebook.com/linux-installer.sh | sudo sh /dev/stdin
Uyu murairo unobatsirawo kana application ichiratidza kudiwa kwekuvandudzwa.
Koodo Reader
Pachitoro cheFlatHub takawana Muverengi uyu chirongwa che e-book chinosanganisira web version uye app. Zvimiro zvechirongwa zvinosanganisira:
- Tsigiro yemafomati akawanda.
- Iyo inokutendera iwe kuwiriranisa kuunganidzwa uchishandisa Dropbox uye iCloud.
- Matatu ekuratidzira modhi: Koramu imwe, makoramu maviri, uye inoenderera.
- Inobvumira mabhukimaki uye kuratidza mavara.
- Kusarudzwa kwemhando yefonti uye saizi uye nzvimbo yemutsara.
- Tsigiro yerima mode uye color theme.